About Aquarium Filtration Methods
Aquarium filtration methods are determined by the type of fish, as well the type of tank, and by the water type in use. Basically, all filtration methods pass water through some type of trapping medium, such as charcoal, carbon filters, synthetic filters and under-gravel filters. This removes biological waste, excess food and other microscopic particles and lifeforms that are harmful to the water clarity and the inhabitants. Effective filtration also saves a great deal of money, as less chemicals and cleanings are needed with the proper filtration system.
Carbon filtration systems
Carbon filtering is the most common, and not surprisingly, the most effective method of removing harmful chemicals, microbes and solid particles contaminating aquarium water. Carbon filtering is extremely effective due to its natural makeup; tiny pits, voids and holes capture particles and bind chemicals to the carbon structure. Carbon also has an added advantage; it allows for better water flow than most other options, which enables the use of smaller pumps.
Under-gravel filters
Under-gravel filters are just what the name implies, a filtration system that pulls contaminants down into, and under, the gravel substrate. An elevated platform with slots that allow particles to pass through performs essentially the same function as a carbon filter; however, chemical contaminants and microbes are not filtered. Under-gravel filters work quite well but when used alone, require frequent cleaning that involves disrupting the entire tank.
The best alternative
The best option with any freshwater aquarium is employing a combination of under-gravel and carbon filters to remove nearly all of the pollutants that cloud water and harm fish. Combining systems also enables the use of smaller versions of each system for a given tank, saving money and maintenance at the same time.
Adequate filtration is essential to any aquarium, and when it comes to freshwater tanks, the best filtration method is a combination of carbon and under-gravel filtration systems. Employing both systems provides a clean and clear tank with fewer chemicals needed.